TPU
Sept. 4, 2023 - TPU Filament: Flexibility and Durability in 3d Printing
In the realm of 3D printing, innovation knows no bounds. TPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane) filament is one such innovation that has opened up new avenues for creators and makers. In this blog post, we'll take a closer look at what TPU filament is, explore its diverse applications, delve into its physical characteristics, and weigh the advantages and disadvantages of using it in 3D printing.
What is TPU Filament?
TPU, or Thermoplastic Polyurethane, is a type of flexible and elastic filament used in 3D printing. It belongs to the family of thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) and is known for its unique combination of flexibility, durability, and resilience. TPU filament can be stretched and bent without losing its shape, making it an excellent choice for projects that require these properties.
Uses of TPU Filament
Footwear: TPU is commonly used in the manufacturing of shoe soles and insoles due to its combination of flexibility and durability, providing comfort and longevity.
Custom Seals and Gaskets: Its chemical resistance and elasticity make TPU ideal for creating custom seals and gaskets used in various industries to prevent leaks or ensure airtight and watertight seals.
Phone Cases and Accessories: TPU is a popular choice for crafting phone cases and other accessories due to its impact resistance and flexibility.
Prosthetics: The flexibility and durability of TPU make it suitable for producing prosthetic components, such as sockets and padding, offering comfort and support for users.
Toys and Soft Robotics: TPU is used in creating flexible components for toys and soft robots that require movement and deformation.
Physical Attributes of TPU Filament
Flexibility: TPU is highly flexible and rubber-like, allowing for the creation of parts that can bend and stretch without breaking. This property makes it suitable for applications requiring elasticity, such as custom gaskets, phone cases, and wearable accessories.
Durability: TPU is exceptionally durable and resistant to abrasion and impact. It can withstand repeated stress and is less likely to break or crack compared to more rigid filaments.
Chemical Resistance: TPU has good resistance to chemicals and oils, making it suitable for applications exposed to various substances, such as seals and gaskets in automotive or industrial settings.
Elasticity: TPU exhibits high elasticity, meaning it can return to its original shape after being stretched or deformed. This characteristic is valuable for creating spring-like structures and shock-absorbing components.
Variety of Hardness: TPU filaments come in different hardness levels, typically measured on the Shore A scale, ranging from soft and flexible (e.g., 85A) to firmer (e.g., 95A). This allows for customization according to the specific needs of a project.
Advantages of Using TPU Filament in 3D Printing
Flexibility and Elasticity: The standout feature of TPU filament is its flexibility and elasticity, allowing for the creation of parts that can bend, stretch, and recover their shape. This property opens up new possibilities for unique designs and functional components.
Durability and Impact Resistance: TPU is exceptionally durable and resistant to abrasion and impact, making it suitable for parts that need to withstand wear and tear.
Chemical Resistance: TPU's resistance to chemicals and oils is valuable in applications where exposure to various substances is a concern.
Customization: TPU filaments are available in a range of hardness levels, allowing for customization based on the specific requirements of a project.
Comfort: In applications like footwear and prosthetics, TPU provides a comfortable and supportive experience due to its flexibility and shock-absorbing properties.
Disadvantages of Using TPU Filament in 3D Printing
Printing Challenges: TPU filament can be challenging to print with due to its flexibility. It may require specific printer settings, such as slower print speeds and a direct drive extruder, to prevent issues like filament tangling or jamming.
Layer Adhesion: Achieving strong layer adhesion can be tricky with TPU, as it tends to bond less firmly compared to rigid filaments. Proper print settings and infill patterns are essential for improving adhesion.
Moisture Sensitivity: TPU is sensitive to moisture absorption, which can negatively impact print quality. Proper storage in a dry environment or a filament dryer is crucial to prevent moisture-related issues.
Limited Color Options: TPU filament color options may be more limited compared to rigid filaments like PLA or ABS.
Conclusion
TPU filament brings a new dimension of flexibility and durability to the world of 3D printing. Its ability to stretch, bend, and recover its shape makes it an excellent choice for a wide range of applications, from custom gaskets and phone cases to footwear and prosthetics. While it poses some challenges in terms of printing, especially for those new to flexible filaments, the unique properties and versatility of TPU open up a world of possibilities for creating functional and innovative 3D prints. Whether you're a hobbyist, engineer, or designer, TPU filament can add a touch of elasticity and resilience to your projects, unlocking exciting new opportunities for creative expression and functional design.